Modern diets, especially in industrialized societies, are reducing the presence of beneficial cellulose-degrading bacteria in the human gut microbiome, such as Ruminococcus. Studies indicate these bacteria, essential for a healthy gut due to their ability to break down fiber, have evolutionary ties to domesticated livestock but are now at risk. Reversing this trend and promoting gut health can be as simple as following longstanding dietary advice: eat more fiber. Clostridium clariflavum, a fiber-degrading bacterium at work breaking down cellulose fibers with the help of cellulosomes. Credit: Itzhak Mizrahi, Ben-Gurion University (BGU)
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